Pendemokrasian mahasiswa di Intitusi Pengajian Tinggi di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Democratization of students at institution of higher learning in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia)
Abstract
Abstrak
Sejak akhir-akhir ini, terdapat perubahan dilihat dalam penyertaan politik anak-anak muda, terutamanya di negara-negara membangun termasuklah Malaysia. Evolusi perjuangan politik generasi muda radikal di Malaysia bermula seawal hari Malaysia mencapai kemerdekaan pada 31 Ogos 1957. Corak dan trend gerakan golongan muda sejak kemerdekaan dapat dilihat dengan jelas. Objektif tertentu digariskan khusus untuk menyuarakan kebimbangan mereka untuk beberapa isu yang berkaitan dengan masyarakat dan merayu kepada kerajaan untuk menangani isu-isu tersebut. Oleh itu, fokus kajian ini adalah untuk membincangkan penglibatan mahasiswa dalam politik kampus dan melihat elemen pendemokrasian yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa universiti serta perubahan budaya berpolitik mereka. Data berbentuk primer dan sekunder dianalisis secara kualitatif. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan borang kaji selidik terhadap 60 orang responden bagi tahun 2014 dan 130 responden untuk tahun 2015. Hasil kajian menunjukkan faktor internal yang paling signifikan mendorong mahasiswa memprotes dan bukan dipengaruhi oleh politik luar semata-mata. Penglibatan anak muda sangat penting dalam usaha pendemokrasian dan sebagai usaha ke arah pembentukan landskap politik yang baharu di Malaysia.
Kata Kunci: demokrasi, gerakan muda, golongan muda, pelajar universiti, penyertaan politik, protes politik
Abstract
Recently, there has been a noticeable shift in youth political participation, especially in developing countries such as Malaysia. The evolution of radical youth political struggle in Malaysia began soon after its independence on 31st August 1957. The patterns and trends of this youth movement since then became apparent due to its specific objectives, particularly on voicing their concerns on issues affecting the community and call for a more proactive government to resolve these issues. The objective of this study is to discuss the most significant factors of student participation in campus politics, the democratization process of university students as well as changes in their political culture. This study uses qualitative and quantitative analysis for its primary and secondary data. A total of 60 respondents for 2014, 129 respondents for 2015 and 130 respondents for 2016 were selected respectively and data collection was obtained through a questionnaire. The findings show that internal factors significantly encouraged students to protest and not the influences of external politics. Youth participation is imperative in the democratization process and in efforts towards the realization of a new political landscape in Malaysia.
Keywords: democracy, youth movement, youth, university student, political participation, political protest
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