Kajian kualiti hidup dan fertiliti dalam kalangan kakitangan awam di Kota Bharu (Quality of life and fertility study among civil servants in Kota Bharu)

Abstract

Peningkatan kos sara hidup di bandar sering mendatangkan masalah kepada penjawat awam khususnya terhadap kualiti hidup atau kesejahteraan sosial mereka. “rakyat Malaysia lahirkan anak dahulu, jangan fikirkan soal kualiti hidup” adalah pernyataan yang mahukan rakyat malaysia mengabaikan kualiti hidup jika mahu berkeluarga besar. Walaupun, pernyataan ini dianggap sebagai salah lapor, namun sejauh manakah kualiti hidup mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan kepada darjah fertiliti isi rumah khususnya dalam kalangan penjawat awam. Sehubungan itu, satu kajian telah dijalankan ke atas penjawat awam yang berkhidmat di bandar Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Sejumlah 200 responden dalam kalangan penjawat awam telah terlibat dalam kajian sepanjang tahun 2018. Soal selidik dan temu bual digunakan bagi mengumpul data melibatkan dua komponen kajian iaitu persepsi kualiti hidup dan persepsi fertiliti. Objektif kajian ini ialah mengenalpasti dan mengkaji penentu kualiti hidup dan fertiliti serta hubungan antara penentu tersebut dalam kalangan kakitangan awam daerah Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Ujian skor min, ujian jadual Silang dan ujian korelasi dijalankan terhadap data yang diperoleh melalui borang soal selidik dan juga data daripada Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia serta Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN). Hasil analisis menunjukkan tahap kualiti hidup dan fertiliti kakitangan awam dalam daerah Kota Bharu berada pada tahap tinggi dan penentu kualiti hidup dan fertiliti yang paling dominan telah dikenalpasti. Hubungan antara kualiti hidup dan fertiliti kakitangan awam di kawasan kajian adalah signifikan. Penemuan utama ialah masa berkualiti dan persekitaran kerja berkualiti menjadi penentu kualiti hidup dan mempengaruhi hubungan intim pasangan seterusnya menentukan tahap fertiliti masyarakat. Kajian ini diharapkan menjadi petunjuk dan panduan kepada pihak yang berwajib atau pihak yang berkenaan. Kajian ini juga diharap dapat diteruskan dengan kajian yang lebih mendalam demi meningkatkan kualiti hidup dan menyambung kelestarian fertiliti.

Katakunci : demografi, fertiliti, kualiti hidup, penjawat awam, penentu, taraf hidup

Increasing the cost of living in cities often poses a problem for civil servants especially for their quality of life or social well-being. "Malaysians give birth to children first, don't think about quality of life" is a statement that wants Malaysians to ignore the quality of life if they want a big family. Although this statement is considered misleading, how well does the quality of life have a significant impact on household fertility levels especially among civil servants. In this regard, a study was conducted on civil servants serving in the city of Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A total of 200 respondents among the civil servants were involved in the study during 2018. The questionnaire and interviews were used to collect data involving two components of the study: perception of quality of life and perception of fertility. The objective of this study was to identify and study the determinants of quality of life and fertility and the relationship between these determinants among the civil servants of Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Mean score tests, Cross table tests and correlation tests were conducted on data obtained through the questionnaire as well as data from the Department of Statistics Malaysia and the National Population and Development Authority (LPPKN). The analysis shows that the quality of life and fertility of public servants in Kota Bharu district are at a high level and that the dominant determinants of quality of life and fertility have been identified. The relationship between the quality of life and the fertility of public servants in the study area is significant. The key finding is that quality time and the quality of work environment are determinants of quality of life and influence the intimate relationship of the couple to determine the fertility level of the community. This study is intended to be a guide and guide to the relevant authorities or authorities. It is also hoped that this study will continue with further studies to improve the quality of life and to promote fertility sustainability.

Katakunci : demographics, fertility, quality of life, civil servants, guides, living standards