Sorotan karya bersistematik terhadap penggunaan media sosial dalam kalangan warga emas di Malaysia bagi mengatasi kesunyian (A systematic literature review on the use of social media to curb loneliness among the elderly in Malaysia)
Abstract
Kedatangan media sosial telah menjadikan hubungan antara manusia semakin kerap berlaku termasuk dalam kalangan warga emas. Kajian mendapati penggunaan media sosial dengan cara yang aktif di samping penglibatan dalam aktiviti kemasyarakatan boleh mengurangkan perasaan kesunyian dalam kalangan warga emas. Di Malaysia, walau pun penggunaan media sosial dalam kalangan warga emas semakin memberangsangkan, tidak ramai yang mengetahui bagaimana mereka mengatasi kesunyian dengan menggunakan media sosial. Justeru, artikel ini memilih sorotan karya bersistematik sebagai satu metodologi untuk menjalankan penyelidikan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penggunaan media sosial dalam kalangan warga emas dan penggunaan media sosial dalam membina hubungan. Kajian ini dijalankan secara sistematik melalui Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Kajian ini menggunakan empat proses dalam PRISMA bagi meneroka sorotan karya iaitu pengenalpastian, saringan, kelayakan dan rangkuman. Hasil kajian menunjukkan warga emas kerap menggunakan Facebook dan WhatsApp berbanding jenis media sosial lain. Tujuan warga emas menggunakan media sosial adalah untuk membina hubungan maya dengan ahli keluarga dan rakan. Mereka juga menggunakan media sosial untuk meningkatkan kualiti hidup dan mengatasi perasaan kesunyian. Untuk kajian lanjutan, artikel ini mencadangkan tiga bidang kajian bagi mengatasi perasaan kesunyian dalam kalangan warga emas iaitu bimbingan penggunaan media sosial yang berkesan, penggunaan media sosial sebagai sokongan sosial bagi mengatasi kesunyian dan ceramah agama online bagi mengisi masa yang terluang.
Kata kunci: Kebimbangan, kesunyian, Malaysia, media sosial, media baharu, warga emas
The emergence of social media makes the relationships among human beings, including elderly happen more often. The studies find that the use of social media with active and involving in social activity as well can reduce the feeling of loneliness among elderly. In Malaysia, even though the use of social media among the elderly are encouraged, little is known about how they curb loneliness using social media. Thus, this paper chooses a systematic literature review as a methodology for conducting the research. This study aims to analyse the pattern of the use of social media among the elderly, and the use of social media in building relationships. The study was conducted systematically through Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyse (PRISMA). The study uses four processes in PRISMA to explore the literature review, namely; identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. The results of the study showed that the elderly often used Facebook and WhatsApp compared to other types of social media. The aim of the elderly using social media was to build virtual relationships with family members and friends. They also used social media to increase their quality of life and to curb feelings of loneliness. For further research, this paper suggests three areas of study to address the feelings of loneliness among the elderly, namely: guidance for effective use of social media, the use of social media as social support to curb loneliness, and online religious talks to spend the leisure time.
Keywords: Anxiety, loneliness, Malaysia, social media, new media, senior citizen.
Keywords
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