Simbiosis Ilmu Kolonial dan Institusi Muzium: Analisis Pascakolonial Terhadap Representasi, Kuasa dan Dekolonisasi (The Symbiosis of Colonial Knowledge and Museum Institutions: A Postcolonial Analysis of Representation, Power, and Decolonization)

Ahmad Farid Abd Jalal, Ibrahim Majdi Mohamad Kamil, Rahimin Affandi Abdul Rahim

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Artikel ini mengkaji hubungan simbiosis antara ilmu kolonial dan institusi muzium, dengan meneliti bagaimana kedua-duanya saling memperkukuh dalam membentuk dan menyebarkan wacana penjajahan. Berdasarkan kerangka teori pasca kolonial dan analisis literatur museologi, kajian ini mengenal pasti mekanisme kuratorial seperti taksonomi budaya, naratif penyelamatan, objektifikasi artifak, dan pembungkaman suara komuniti asal sebagai strategi epistemik kolonial yang berakar dalam struktur institusi muzium. Mekanisme ini telah menyumbang kepada pembentukan naratif dominan yang meminggirkan sistem pengetahuan tempatan dan suara komuniti asal, khususnya dalam konteks Alam Melayu dan Dunia Islam yang kaya dengan tradisi dan kearifan tempatan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk analisis kandungan dan sorotan literatur terhadap teks akademik, dokumen kuratorial dan naratif sejarah yang telah diterbitkan. Sumber utama terdiri daripada karya tokoh teori pasca kolonial seperti Edward Said, Michel Foucault, Homi Bhabha dan Gayatri Spivak, serta kajian kontemporari dalam bidang museologi dan sejarah kolonial. Pemilihan rujukan berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan objektif kajian, keupayaan menjelaskan hubungan antara epistemologi kolonial dan amalan permuziuman, serta relevan terhadap konteks Malaysia dan Dunia Islam. Kajian ini melibatkan analisis kritikal terhadap teks membolehkan pengenalpastian pola wacana dan struktur kuasa yang tersembunyi dalam sistem representatif muzium kolonial. Kritikan pasca kolonial sejak dekad 1980-an telah mencetuskan pelbagai usaha dekolonisasi seperti repatriasi artifak, kurasi kolaboratif, pelabelan alternatif dan audit naratif. Usaha ini mencerminkan kesedaran bahawa dekolonisasi bukan sekadar tindakan pentadbiran atau pemulangan fizikal artifak, tetapi menuntut transformasi menyeluruh terhadap etika institusi, epistemologi dan struktur representasi. Artikel ini berhujah bahawa dekolonisasi yang autentik perlu membuka ruang kepada suara dan sistem pengetahuan komuniti asal bagi membina semula naratif yang adil, berakar dan berwibawa.

Kata kunci: Ilmu kolonial; muzium; pasca kolonial; dekolonisasi; kuratorial; representatif budaya; Alam Melayu; epistemologi Islam.

ABSTRACT

This article examines how colonial knowledge and museum institutions mutually reinforce one another in shaping and disseminating colonial discourse. Grounded in postcolonial theory and museological literature analysis, the study identifies curatorial mechanisms such as cultural taxonomy, rescue narratives, artifact objectification, and the silencing of indigenous voices as epistemic strategies rooted in the structural foundations of colonial museums. These mechanisms have contributed to the formation of dominant narratives that marginalize local knowledge systems and indigenous voices, particularly within the context of the Malay Archipelago and the Islamic world, both rich in tradition and indigenous wisdom. The study adopts a qualitative approach through content analysis and literature review of academic texts, curatorial documents, and published historical narratives. Primary sources include the works of postcolonial theorists such as Edward Said, Michel Foucault, Homi Bhabha, and Gayatri Spivak, alongside contemporary studies in museology and colonial history. Reference selection is based on relevance to the study’s objectives, explanatory power in articulating the relationship between colonial epistemology and museum practices, and contextual significance to Malaysia and the Islamic world. The study involves critical textual analysis to uncover discursive patterns and powerstructures embedded within the representational systems of colonial museums. Postcolonial critiques since the 1980s have sparked various decolonial efforts, including artifact repatriation, collaborative curation, alternative labelling, and narrative audits. These initiatives reflect a growing awareness that decolonization is not merely administrative or limited to the physical return of artifacts, but demands a comprehensive transformation of institutional ethics, epistemologies, and representational structures. This article argues that authentic decolonization must create space for indigenous voices and knowledge systems to reconstruct narratives that are just, rooted, and dignified.

Keywords: Colonial knowledge, museum, postcolonialism, decolonization, curatorial practice, cultural representation, Malay world, Islamic epistemology


Keywords


Ilmu kolonial; muzium; pasca kolonial; dekolonisasi; kuratorial; representatif budaya; Alam Melayu; epistemologi Islam.

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