Email this article ANALISIS BERBILANG KUMPULAN: FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGGUNAAN PENDANAAN AWAM PATUH SYARIAH (Multigroup Analysis: Factors of Islamic Crowdfunding Usage)
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana (PKS) Bumiputera masih banyak yang berada di peringkat mikro walaupun Bumiputera adalah kumpulan majoriti di Malaysia. Pendanaan awam patuh syariah berpotensi membantu mereka. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji faktor-faktor dalam teori UTAUT seperti jangkaan prestasi, jangkaan usaha, pengaruh sosial, kemudahan keadaan serta faktor dari literatur terdahulu seperti persepsi kepercayaan dan kebolehcubaan terhadap niat tingkah laku PKS Bumiputera untuk menggunakan pendanaan awam patuh syariah. Kajian juga melihat perbezaan pengaruh faktor ini terhadap niat tingkah laku antara pemilik PKS lelaki dan perempuan. Borang soal selidik diedarkan kepada 486 PKS Bumiputera dan data dianalisis menggunakan SmartPLS versi 4 dan Multigroup Analysis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan jangkaan usaha, pengaruh sosial, persepsi kepercayaan dan kebolehcubaan mempengaruhi niat tingkah laku penggunaan pendanaan awam patuh syariah. Perbezaan signifikan hanya ditemui dalam persepsi kepercayaan, di mana pemilik PKS lelaki lebih dipengaruhi oleh faktor ini berbanding wanita untuk memasang niat bagi menggunakan pendanaan awam patuh syariah. Kajian ini dapat membuka minda usahawan kecil dan sederhana yang sedang berusaha untuk mengembangkan perniagaan mereka dengan mencuba alternatif pembiayaan moden yang luas di pasaran. Selain itu, dapatan ini dapat dijadikan panduan oleh penggubal dasar negara untuk meramalkan tahap kesedaran PKS terhadap alternatif pembiayaan dan seterusnya merangka inisiatif yang bersesuaian bagi membantu PKS di negara ini.
ABSTRACT
A vast number of Bumiputera Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia remain at the micro level, despite Bumiputera being the majority group in the country. Islamic crowdfunding however has the potential to assist these enterprises. This study aims to examine factors within the UTAUT model, such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions, as well as additional factors from previous literature; perceived trust and trialability, concerning Bumiputera SMEs’ behavioral intention to use Islamic crowdfunding. The study also explores differences in the influence of these factors on behavioral intention between male and female SME owners. A survey was distributed to 486 Bumiputera SMEs, and the data was analyzed using SmartPLS version 4 and Multigroup Analysis. The findings indicate that effort expectancy, social influence, perceived trust, and trialability significantly impact the intention to use Syariah-compliant crowdfunding. A significant difference was found only in perceived trust, where male SME owners are more influenced by this factor than female owners in their intention to use Syariah-compliant crowdfunding. This study provides insights for small and medium entrepreneurs who are striving to grow their businesses by exploring modern financing alternatives available in the market. Additionally, these findings can serve as a guide for policymakers to assess SMEs’ awareness on alternative financing options and to develop appropriate initiatives to support SMEs in the country.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2024-1602-09
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