Kesahan dan Kebolehpercayaan Instrumen Kemahiran Menyelesaikan Masalah untuk Murid Sekolah Menengah Berdasarkan Model Pengukuran Rasch (Validity and Reliability of Problem-Solving Skill Instrument for Secondary School Pupils Based on Rasch Assessment Model)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17576/JPEN-2019-44.01SI-01Abstract
Kemahiran Menyelesaikan Masalah (KMM) merupakan kemahiran pembelajaran abad ke-21. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen KMM untuk pelajar tingkatan empat dengan menggunakan Model Rasch. Instruman yang dibina ini mengandungi 31 item yang yang telah dibina dengan menggunakan KMM daripada Inventori of Learner Resourcefulness (ILR) yang mengukur konstruk merancang, menilai dan menjangka. Instrumen telah ditadbirkan kepada 84 orang pelajar tingkatan empat di sebuah sekolah menengah harian dan data telah dianalisis menggunakan analisis Rasch. Kesahan instrumen telah dinilai dengan menilai keseragaman dimensinya dengan menggunakan Statistik Item Fit, dan Analisa Komponen Utama Reja. Kebolehpercayaan instrumen juga dinilai menggunakan indeks kebolehpercayaan item dan responden. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa instrumen KMM adalah sah dan boleh dipercayai serta boleh mengukur KMM dalam konteks pelajar menengah di Malaysia. Walaubagimanapun, analisis polariti item menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan ayat dalam tiga item yang terlibat boleh dimurnikan bagi meningkatkan lagi kesahan dan kebolehpercayaannya. Pembinaan instrumen ini menyumbang kepada pertambahan kepelbagaian bentuk ujian terutama jenis pentaksiran masa kini yang mula cenderung ke arah bentuk penilaian kendiri. Instrumen-instrumen sebelum ini lebih mengkaji kepada aspek penyelesaian masalah bagi subjek-subjek tertentu seperti sains dan matematik serta aspek prestasi pelajar dalam menyelesaikan masalah langkah demi langkah, namun instrumen ini menumpukan kepada aspek merancang, menilai dan menjangka. Salah satu implikasi kajian ini adalah guru sains dapat menilai tahap KMM murid berasaskan instrumen yang dibentuk oleh kajian ini yang sesuai untuk konteks Malaysia.Kata kunci: Kemahiran Menyelesaikan Masalah, Pembangunan Instrumen, Analisis model pengukuran Rasch Problem-solving skills (KMM) is a 21st century learning skill. This study aims to test the validity and reliability of KMM instruments for form four students using Rasch Model. This instrument consists of 31 items constructed using KMM from the Inventory of Learner Resourcefulness (ILR) that measures planning, evaluating and anticipating constructs. The instrument was administrated to 84 students in a secondary school and data was analyzed using Rasch analysis. The validity of the instrument was assessed through its unidimensionality using Item Fit Statistics, and Principal Component Analysis of Residuals. The reliability of the instrument was examined through the reliability index of the items and the respondents. Findings show that KMM instruments are valid and reliable and can measure KMM in the context of secondary students in Malaysia. However, the item polarity analysis shows that the use of three sentences in related items can be refined to further enhance their validity and reliability. The construction of this instrument contributes to the increase in the variety of test forms, especially the types of current evaluation that tend to be in the form of self-assessment. Earlier instruments examined aspects of solving certain subjects such as science and mathematics as well as student performance aspects in solving problems step by step, but this instrument focuses on aspects of planning, evaluating and anticipating. One of the implications of this study is that science teachers can evaluate students’ level of KMM based on the instrument developed that is suitable in the Malaysian context.Key Words: Problem-solving Skill, Instrument Development, Rasch AnalysisDownloads
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2019-09-20
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